sequential & bandpass

Cargo.toml

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ edition = "2021"
 [lib]
 name = "ocelli"
 path = "src/lib.rs"
-crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
+v4l = "0.14"
+chrono = "0.4"
+image = "0.25.5"

src/bin/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+use ocelli::Ocelli;
+use v4l::prelude::*;
+use v4l::video::Capture;
+use v4l::buffer::Type;
+use v4l::format::FourCC;
+use v4l::io::traits::CaptureStream;
+use image::ImageReader;
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::io::{stdin, Read, Write};
+use chrono::Local;
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+fn frame_to_grayscale(data: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let img = ImageReader::new(std::io::Cursor::new(data))
+        .with_guessed_format()
+        .expect("Failed to guess format")
+        .decode()
+        .expect("Failed to decode image");
+    let gray = img.into_luma8(); // Convert to grayscale
+    gray.into_raw() // Return raw pixel data as Vec<u8>
+}
+
+fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    let args: Vec<String> = std::env::args().collect();
+    if args.len() < 3 {
+        eprintln!("Usage: {} <camera index> <entropy length in bytes>", args[0]);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+
+    let quick = args.contains(&String::from("-q"));
+
+    let camera_index: usize = args[1].parse().expect("Failed to parse camera index as a number");
+    let length: usize = args[2].parse().expect("Failed to parse entropy length as a number");
+
+    let dev = Device::new(camera_index).expect("Failed to open camera");
+
+    let mut format = dev.format().expect("Failed to get camera format");
+    format.fourcc = FourCC::new(b"MJPG"); // Use MJPG for higher resolutions
+    format.width = 1920;
+    format.height = 1080;
+
+    if let Err(_) = dev.set_format(&format) {
+        println!("Failed to set resolution to 1920x1080. Falling back to 1280x720.");
+        format.width = 1280;
+        format.height = 720;
+        dev.set_format(&format).expect("Failed to set resolution to 1280x720");
+    }
+
+    println!(
+        "Using resolution: {}x{} (FourCC: {})",
+        format.width, format.height, format.fourcc
+    );
+
+    let mut stream = MmapStream::with_buffers(&dev, Type::VideoCapture, 4)
+        .expect("Failed to create stream");
+
+    let ocelli = Ocelli;
+    let mut total_entropy = Vec::new();
+    let start_time = Instant::now();
+    let shannon_threshold = 7.9;
+    let mut frame_count = 0;
+    let mut last_frame = None;
+
+    while total_entropy.len() < length {
+        let (data, _) = stream.next().expect("Failed to capture frame");
+        frame_count += 1;
+
+        if frame_count <= 30 {
+            continue; // Skip the first 30 frames
+        }
+
+        let grayscale_data = frame_to_grayscale(&data);
+
+        let entropy: Vec<u8> = if quick {
+            ocelli.whiten(&ocelli.pick_and_flip(&grayscale_data, frame_count as usize))
+        } else {
+            if ocelli.is_covered(&grayscale_data, 50) {
+                if let Some(last) = last_frame {
+                    ocelli.chop_and_tack(&last, &grayscale_data, format.width as usize, 30)
+                } else {
+                    Vec::new()
+                }
+            } else {
+                println!("Camera is not covered. Please cover the camera.");
+                frame_count = 0;
+                continue;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let shannon_entropy = ocelli.shannon(&entropy);
+
+        if shannon_entropy >= shannon_threshold {
+            total_entropy.extend(entropy);
+            println!(
+                "Collected {} of {} bytes of entropy (Shannon entropy: {:.3})",
+                total_entropy.len(),
+                length,
+                shannon_entropy
+            );
+        } else {
+            println!("Rejected entropy for frame {} (Shannon entropy: {:.3})", frame_count, shannon_entropy);
+        }
+
+        last_frame = Some(grayscale_data);
+    }
+
+    total_entropy.truncate(length);
+
+    let elapsed_time = start_time.elapsed();
+    println!(
+        "Process completed in {:.3} seconds.",
+        elapsed_time.as_secs_f64()
+    );
+
+    let final_shannon_entropy = ocelli.shannon(&total_entropy);
+    println!("Final Shannon entropy: {:.3}", final_shannon_entropy);
+
+    println!("Save result to a file or print as hex string? (file/print):");
+    let mut input = String::new();
+    stdin().read_line(&mut input).expect("Failed to read input");
+
+    if input.trim().eq_ignore_ascii_case("file") {
+        let timestamp = Local::now().format("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S").to_string();
+        let filename = format!("entropy_{}.bin", timestamp);
+
+        let mut file = File::create(&filename).expect("Failed to create file");
+        file.write_all(&total_entropy).expect("Failed to write data to file");
+
+        println!("Entropy saved to file: {}", filename);
+    } else if input.trim().eq_ignore_ascii_case("print") {
+        let entropy_hex: String = total_entropy.iter().map(|b| format!("{:02x}", b)).collect();
+        println!("Generated entropy (hex): {}", entropy_hex);
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}

src/lib.rs

@@ -5,19 +5,25 @@ pub struct Ocelli;
 
 impl Ocelli {
 
+    fn bits_to_bytes(&self, bits: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+        bits.chunks(8).filter_map(|chunk| {
+            if chunk.len() == 8 {
+                Some(chunk.iter().fold(0, |byte, &bit| (byte << 1) | bit))
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        }).collect()
+    }
+
     pub fn chop_and_tack(&self, current: &Vec<u8>, previous: &Vec<u8>, width: usize, minimum_distance: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
         // Extracts entropy from two frames by comparing pixel values in a specific grid pattern.
         // The resulting entropy is constructed by appending 1s or 0s based on pixel differences.
         // Algorithm ported from NoiseBasedCamRng by Andika Wasisto https://github.com/awasisto/camrng
 
         let mut entropy = Vec::new();
-        let mut current_byte = 0u8;
-        let mut bit_count = 0;
-
-        // Calculate the height of the frame
         let height = current.len() / width;
 
-        // Skip 100 pixels at the top and bottom of the frame
+        // Define bounds for the grid
         let start_row = 100;
         let end_row = height - 100;
 
@@ -25,71 +31,44 @@ impl Ocelli {
             panic!("Resolution is too small to apply the grid selection with the given offset.");
         }
 
+        // Process the grid within the defined bounds
         for row in start_row..end_row {
-            // Skip 100 pixels at the left and right of the frame
             let row_start = row * width + 100;
             let row_end = (row + 1) * width - 100;
 
-            // Select pixels in the row based on the step size
+            entropy.extend((row_start..row_end).step_by(minimum_distance)
-            for pixel_index in (row_start..row_end).step_by(minimum_distance) {
+                .filter(|&pixel_index| pixel_index < current.len() && pixel_index < previous.len())
-                if pixel_index >= current.len() || pixel_index >= previous.len() {
+                .map(|pixel_index| {
-                    continue;
+                    let c = current[pixel_index];
-                }
+                    let p = previous[pixel_index];
-
+                    (c > p) as u8 - (c < p) as u8 // 1 for c > p, 0 for c < p, skips if equal
-                let c = current[pixel_index];
+                })
-                let p = previous[pixel_index];
+                .filter(|&bit| bit <= 1));
-
-                if c > p {
-                    current_byte = (current_byte << 1) | 1; // Append '1'
-                } else if c < p {
-                    current_byte = current_byte << 1; // Append '0'
-                } else {
-                    continue; // Skip if equal
-                }
-
-                bit_count += 1;
-
-                if bit_count == 8 {
-                    entropy.push(current_byte);
-                    current_byte = 0;
-                    bit_count = 0;
-                }
-            }
         }
 
-        entropy
+        self.bits_to_bytes(&entropy)
+
     }
 
-    pub fn pick_and_flip(&self, data: &[u8], current_frame_index: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
+    pub fn pick_and_flip(&self, data: &[u8], low: u8, high: u8, current_frame_index: usize) -> Vec<u8> {
         // Extracts the least significant bit (LSB) of each pixel brightness, flipping it based on the frame index.
         // Generates entropy by combining these bits into bytes.
         // Algorithm is a simplified version of R. Li, "A True Random Number Generator algorithm from 
         // digital camera image noise for varying lighting conditions," doi: 10.1109/SECON.2015.7132901.
 
         let mut entropy = Vec::new();
-        let mut current_byte = 0u8;
-        let mut bit_count = 0;
 
-        for &pixel_brightness in data {
+        for &pixel in data {
-            if (2..=253).contains(&pixel_brightness) {
+            if (low..=high).contains(&pixel) { // filter bias
-                let mut lsb = pixel_brightness & 1;
+                let mut lsb = pixel & 1;
-
+                if current_frame_index % 2 == 0 { // flip bits
-                if current_frame_index % 2 == 0 {
+                    lsb ^= 1;
-                    lsb ^= 1; // Flip the bit
-                }
-
-                current_byte = (current_byte << 1) | lsb;
-                bit_count += 1;
-
-                if bit_count == 8 {
-                    entropy.push(current_byte);
-                    current_byte = 0;
-                    bit_count = 0;
                 }
+                entropy.push(lsb);
             }
         }
 
-        entropy
+        self.bits_to_bytes(&entropy)
     }
 
     pub fn shannon(&self, data: &Vec<u8>) -> f64 {
@@ -185,6 +164,8 @@ pub extern "C" fn chop_and_tack(
 pub extern "C" fn pick_and_flip(
     data_ptr: *const u8,
     data_len: usize,
+    low: u8,
+    high: u8,
     current_frame_index: usize,
     result_ptr: *mut u8,
     result_len: &mut usize,
@@ -192,7 +173,7 @@ pub extern "C" fn pick_and_flip(
     let data = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(data_ptr, data_len) };
 
     let ocelli = Ocelli;
-    let result = ocelli.pick_and_flip(data, current_frame_index);
+    let result = ocelli.pick_and_flip(data, low, high, current_frame_index);
 
     unsafe {
         let result_slice = slice::from_raw_parts_mut(result_ptr, result.len());
@@ -201,6 +182,7 @@ pub extern "C" fn pick_and_flip(
     }
 }
 
+
 #[no_mangle]
 pub extern "C" fn shannon(data_ptr: *const u8, data_len: usize) -> f64 {
     let data = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(data_ptr, data_len) };
@@ -234,4 +216,4 @@ pub extern "C" fn is_covered(grayscale_ptr: *const u8, grayscale_len: usize, thr
 
     let ocelli = Ocelli;
     ocelli.is_covered(grayscale, threshold)
-}
+}